Enzymes have high substrate specificity, and can even show regiospecificity that leads to the generation of stereospecific products.įigure 7.1 Effect of an enzyme on reducint the activation energy required to start a reaction where (a) is uncatalyzed and (b) is an enzyme-catalyzed reaction.īond cleavage, or scission, is the splitting of chemical bonds. Enzymes, like other catalysts, are also not used up during the reaction. Note that enzymes do NOT alter the ΔG of the reaction and do NOT have any affect on the spontaneity or equilibrium position of the reaction. They facilitate the formation of the transition state species within the reaction and speed up the rate of the reaction by a million-fold in comparison to non catalyzed reactions. Recall from Chapter 6, that enzymes are biological catalysts that reduce the activation energy required for a reaction to proceed in the forward direction (Figure 7.1). In this section, we will review some fundamentals of organic and biological chemistry that are helpful in understanding enzyme reaction mechanisms.
Chapter 7: Catalytic Mechanisms of Enzymes 7.1 Concept Review for Enzyme Reactions
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